An advantage of using a TIN over a rasterized digital elevation model (DEM) in mapping and analysis is that the points of a TIN are distributed variably based on an algorithm that determines which points are most necessary to create an accurate representation of the terrain. In regions where there is little variation in surface height, the points may be widely spaced whereas in areas of more intense variation in height the point density is increased.Ī TIN used to represent terrain is often called a digital elevation model (DEM), which can be further used to produce digital surface models (DSM) or digital terrain models (DTM). Three-dimensional visualizations are readily created by rendering of the triangular facets. A TIN is a vector-based representation of the physical land surface or sea bottom, made up of irregularly distributed nodes and lines with three-dimensional coordinates ( x, y, z ) (x,y,z) that are arranged in a network of non-overlapping triangles.Ī TIN comprises a triangular network of vertices, known as mass points, with associated coordinates in three dimensions connected by edges to form a triangular tessellation. Associated with three-dimensional ( x, y, z ) (x,y,z) data and topography, TINs are useful for the description and analysis of general horizontal ( x, y ) (x,y) distributions and relationships.ĭigital TIN data structures are used in a variety of applications, including geographic information systems (GIS), and computer aided design (CAD) for the visual representation of a topographical surface. The vertices of these triangles are created from field recorded spot elevations through a variety of means including surveying through conventional techniques, Global Positioning System Real-Time Kinematic (GPS RTK), photogrammetry, or some other means. In computer graphics, a triangulated irregular network ( TIN) is a representation of a continuous surface consisting entirely of triangular facets (a triangle mesh), used mainly as Discrete Global Grid in primary elevation modeling. Representation of a surface as a triangle mesh with elevated vertices Triangulated irregular network TIN overlaid with contour lines
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